Activity 2: Additional Formative Assessment

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1. Who was the leader of the Soviet Union in the 1930s?

   1. Josef Stalin
   2. Vladimir Putin
   3. Benito Mussolini
   4. Winston Churchill

2. How did it happen that Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary became s atellites of the Soviet Union?

   1. The people of those countries voted to become friends of the Soviet Union in free elections.
   2. As the German army retreated, the Soviet Army moved into those countries and took control of them.
   3. The leaders of those countries were Communists before World War II and wanted to join with the Soviet Communist side in the Cold War.
   4. Great Britain and the United States promised to give those countries to the Soviet Union to repay the Soviet Union for its help during World War II.

3. Why did the United States government fear that Greece might become Communist after World War II?

   1. For religious reasons the Greeks felt very close to the Russian people.
   2. The Soviet army was at the borders of Greece and was about to invade that nation.
   3. The Soviet army took control of Greece as it was defeating German military forces.
   4. Greece was in a civil war, and the Soviet Union was providing aid to communist guerilla fighters.

4. Winston Churchill, in a famous speech in Fulton, Missouri, in 1946, stated that a “shadow has fallen upon the scenes so lately lighted by the Allied victory.” What was the shadow to which Churchill was referring?

   1. The growing power of Middle Eastern terrorists
   2. The overwhelming power of United States military forces
   3. The continued influence of Nazi Germany over Europeans
   4. The control of people in Eastern Europe by the Soviet Union

5. What was the Marshall Plan?

   1. A plan to form an alliance among nations in Europe
   2. A plan to establish a United Nations to replace the League of Nations
   3. A plan to strengthen democracies by helping to improve their economies
   4. A plan to have nations join together to defeat Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan

6. How did Poland, Hungary, and most other nations of Eastern Europe respond to the Marshall Plan?

   1. They did not participate in it because their voters opposed it.
   2. They agreed to participate in it because their governments voted to do so.
   3. They made no decision with regard to it because it was of no interest to them.
   4. They rejected it because the Soviet Union did not allow them to accept Marshall Plan aid.

7. What was the Truman Doctrine?

   1. A program to keep European powers from trying to take over countries in the Western Hemisphere
   2. A program to bring American forces in Europe and Asia home because World War II was finally over
   3. A program of United States leadership to resist the spread of Soviet domination of democratic nations by assisting those nations
   4. A program to help Great Britain maintain control of the British Empire because of its help in defeating Germany in World War II

8. Why was it necessary to use airplanes in the Berlin Airlift?

   1. Taking Nazis to the United States to be tried for war crimes
   2. Taking food to Berlin because the Soviets cut off highway travel to the city
   3. Taking U.S. bombs to Berlin in order to have the U.S. Air Force ready for war
   4. Taking Soviet and American experts to Berlin to help set up a new German government

9. How did the Korean War start, and how did it end?

   1. North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950, and a cease-fire was agreed to in 1953.
   2. The U.N. invaded North Korea in 1950, and U.N. troops withdrew below the 38th parallel in 1953.
   3. South Korea invaded North Korea in 1950 and, with American assistance, conquered it in 1953.
   4. The Soviet Union attacked North Korea in 1950, and the U.N. and USSR signed a peace treaty in 1953.

10. What major powers fought against each other in the Korean War?

    1. United States and China
    2. Soviet Union and China
    3. United States and Soviet Union
    4. Great Britain and the Soviet Union